Rational Choice Theory Of Rape - 1465 Words

Rape is a crime that Americans hear very little about, yet everyone knows that such acts occur frequently. Rape is a very personal form of violence that continuously impacts the victim for years after it occurs, if not for the rest of the victim’s life. The effects of rape, short-term and long-term, can be catastrophic for the victim, causing them physical and psychological damage (Gluck, 2016). I believe that by using the Rational Choice Theory, rape can be eliminated in today’s society by the use of castration as a punishment for offenders and as a deterrence for possible future offenders. Rape has been an ongoing issue within society for centuries. In early times, men raped women for reproductive purposes. Today, it is still believed†¦show more content†¦Literature Review Russell (1997) informs that there are two forms of castration: chemical and surgical. According to Chism (2013), the oldest and most effective approach to controlling deviant sexual urges and reducing recidivism rates of male sex offenders is surgical castration. This is partially backed up by the data given by McMillian (2014), who composed a study of 104 men, revealing the recidivism rate as 3% for those who had been castrated compared to 45% with those who had not. Cauley (2014) identified cases where surgical castration has been used nationally and in the United States, showing that castration is quite effective. Lee, Kang, Ji, Baeck, Lee, Oh (2013) informs that in Korea, a chemical castration law was passed in 2011, which targets child molesters who have reoffended. The law is intended to prevent offending and rehabilitate offenders. Decisions to commit crimes such as rape or other sexually motivated offenses, are often made under the influence of visceral feelings such as anger or sexual arousal, as stated by Loewenstein, Nagin, and Paternoster (2010); rational choice models of decision making assume that individuals can anticipate, in an unaroused state, their responses to such instinctual feelings. Discussion In the United States, required surgical or chemical castration is something that is not really considered as a form of punishment or a method of rehabilitation for sexual offenders. The reason for thisShow MoreRelatedDifferent Crime Scripts Of Acquaintance And Decision Making Processes Adopted By Offenders1534 Words   |  7 Pagesacquaintances is a highly prevalent crime (Silva, 2004). This review will look at how crime scripts , through a rational choice perspective, aids in the situational prevention of crime. Furthermore, it will analyse the literature concerning this crime, identifying the modus operandi and decision making processes adopted by offenders, defining the different crime scripts of acquaintance rape illustrated in previous empirical literature. This review will finally identify areas not charted by the literatureRead MoreIs Rape A Deviant?1201 Words   |  5 Pages1. In what ways is rape â€Å"deviant† or not in places where is it relatively common? Answer this question in terms of deviant roles and places, deviant acts and victims, formal and informal social controls, and the irony of social control. Generally rape is considered a deviant act in the majority of the world. Especially in the most developed countries, where it is extensively condemn by the citizens as well as the laws. However, there are some places where rape is accepted as a simple fact, a dailyRead MoreSubstance Abuse : Alcohol Addiction1399 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual. Alcohol does not only affect an individual it also affects the society. Alcohol kills more youngsters than any other drug as it edges towards homicide, rape and accidents. A study supported rape as an implication where data was composed from autobiographies off 77 convicted rapists that exposed that 50% were drinking at the time of the rape and 35% were alcoholics. Statistics show that there were 6,570 deaths in England in 2005 from causes that were linked to alcohol and in 2006 it rose to 8Read MoreRational Choice Theory: Merits and Limitations1195 Words   |  5 Pagesinsight into Rational Choice Theory. This theory, highly relied upon by many disciplines, is also used to calculate and determine crime and criminal behavior. Through definition, example and techniques utilized by criminologists, the reader will have a better understanding of the subject. By definition, criminology is the study of crime, criminal behavior and how it pertains to the law. Criminology is considered a scientific technique. Therefore, those who study and carry out its theories are consideredRead MoreThe Theory Of Criminal Behavior1608 Words   |  7 Pages the law, and punishment. The central concepts of the classical school of thought is that people are egotistical, rational, motivated by pain and pleasure, people choose their behaviour, and behaviour can be modified by fear of punishment. The classical theory focuses on crime and the law, deterrence, and makes sure that the punishment fits the crime committed. The positivist theory does not focus its interest on the crime and punishment – but the individual criminal. The view is that criminals areRead MoreThe Criminological Theory For Mike Tyson956 Words   |  4 Pagescriminological theory for Mike Tyson is a classical theory. The criminological theory classical is â€Å"Crime occurs when the benefits outweigh the costs- when people pursue self- interest in the absence of effective punishments. Crime is a free-willed choice. See also deterrence, rational choice.† Mike Tyson allegedly raped her on July 19 in his hotel room. Mike Tyson was convicted with rape on March 26, 1992. That put a pause in the famous Mike Tyson boxing career for a while. Rape is a despicableRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Dating Game Killer 1069 Words   |  5 Pagesassault, rape, torture, strangle, beat, and kill them (Pelisek, 2010). As Paternoster Bachman (2001, p.11) points out that, â€Å"The Classical Paradigm, during the middle of the eighteenth century, founded by Cesare Beccaria a utilitarian philosopher who embraced the belief that human beings are rational, calculating, and hedonistic beings. With the decline of the Classical paradigm, when the focus of rationality lead to the focus on science. A new paradigm emerged, a Neoclassical Paradigm: Rational ChoiceRead MoreTed Bundy1633 Words   |  7 Pageswill look at the cause and effects of him becoming a serial killer. We will also discuss the different criminology theories behind Ted Bundy’s actions. Based on what was discovered in the research no one theory can explain the action of Ted Bundy as a serial killer. The remainder of the paper is laid out as follows: biography of Ted Bundy, introduction, discussion of crimes and theories, and the conclusion. Biography of Ted Bundy Theodore Robert Cowell later known asRead MoreCriminological Theories Of Juvenile Violence845 Words   |  4 Pagesoffenses like murder and rape. Violence can come from all shape and sizes from women, men, children, mentally ill, etc. An increasing problem in recent decades include juvenile violence. Juveniles can commit violence for an infinite amount of reasons like parental abuse, being bullied in school or peers, mental illness, and other outside factors. Juvenile are in a period in their lives where countless aspects can influence the way they think, act, and even speak. Criminological theories have been createdRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1485 Words   |  6 Pagesinhumane by the classical school of thought. C. Describe why crime occurs, according to this perspective. With this perspective, people are considered rational thinkers, and when a person commits a crime, the person is making a rational choice to engage in criminal behavior. If a person steals a purse, they have chosen to do so because of rational thought. The person could be envious, stealing a purse just for fun, or many other reasons. The real issue is that the person rationally decides to take

Music Music Elements Were Analyzed And Understood

Janice Jacob Language of Music Concert analysis This semester various music elements were analyzed and understood. Through the usage of various musical elements each piece was able to express the composer’s emotions and ideas. The first concert that was attended was composed of classical compositions. It was called: solo and chamber concert. The second concert or performance I attended was Pinocchio. In these concerts various instruments were used to play and express the piece. In addition, singers had their voices accompanied by the piano. The first two pieces were very short. The first piece that was played in the concert was Zart und mit Ausdruck by Schumann Fantasiestucke. In this movement there was constant triplet-rhythm accompaniment in the piano. The rhythm supported the clarinet. The piece consisted was in A minor and moved to arpeggio. However, the piece returns to A minor, but the final harmonic shift is in A major. The second piece was called Voi, che sapete andit was composed by Mozart. The story behind this piece was about a girl being in love. The beginning of piece starts off with a piano that is playing in B flat. The piece had a happy melody. When analyzing the text of piece the music seemed to accompany the words well. The happy melody expressed the mood in the atmosphere. It was sound balanced and symmetrical because they are frequently made up of two phrases of the same length. The only non-chordal tones are chromatic passing tones. Mozart builds upShow MoreRelatedThe Characteristics Of Jazz And Blu es Langston Hughes s The Weary Blues 1521 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance, it sufficiently revealed the cultural charm of Negros and Hughes’s fully affirms of his national dignity. In my paper, I will analyze the methods and techniques Hughes used to highlight the musical elements in this poem. Jazz and blues are both styles of music which were discovered by Negros. They are important to Hughes and his culture, and according to the sad and painful tunes in jazz and blues, Hughes wanted us to listen and understand his culture from this poem. The Weary BluesRead MoreThe Variacoes Ritmicas Op.15 Op.15 Op.15 Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesDallapiccola, Bruno Maderna and Aaron Copland.† The Variaà §Ãƒ µes Rà ­tmicas Op.15 is one of the most significant Nobre’s composition from his second period. In this piece, Nobre explores serial techniques and percussive elements. The piece is a mix of Brazilian native rhythms and dodecaphonic music where Nobre explores the Brazilian percussion instruments. â€Å"Besides the piano, Variaà §Ãƒ µes Rà ­tmicas Op. 15 requires eight typical Brazilian percussion instruments: cuà ­ca aguda (a friction drum which the performerRead MoreMusic Therapy and Children Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pages2002, p. 379). In the nineteenth century, there was a desire to use the sounds of music to minimize pain. In the 1980s, the use of music therapy was documented, but it had not proved any effectiveness (Barrera et al., 2002, p.379). Also, Munro et al. (1987) reported that the Greeks used music in psychology treatment (p. 1029). Music therapy was defended by Munro et al. (1987) as â€Å"the controlled use of music, its elements and th eir influences on the human being to aid in the physiologic, psychologicRead MoreThe Arts And How It Is Beneficial1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe Arts and How It Is Beneficial Over the years, numerous studies and surveys have been conducted about the arts and if and how they are valuable. An overwhelming approval for the arts were shown in nearly all forms of studying the benefits of the arts. Online articles and other media are just a few samples of these studies. Among these articles, states how The arts are essential for the developing brain, for applying and learning skills, for maintaining positive mental health, and for buildingRead MoreWhat I Listen For The Music2476 Words   |  10 PagesMusic, one element of life although altered, molded, and crafted has continued to strike the curiosity in our imagination from century to century. Music is an experience for everyone from the most musically devoted students and teachers to the concert audience and even the individuals simply listening to the radio throughout their daily activities. Music is one aspect that appeals to the variety of individuals in the world despite their differences in belief, per sonality and culture. Music is oneRead MoreCarol Stuart s Foundations Of Child And Youth Care773 Words   |  4 Pagesme, it was important to analyze the world outside of my own head and share in the mutual struggles of daily life with someone who understood or, at the very least listened, as I analyzed, experienced, and complained about the world. For the better part of my life, I did not see this as therapeutic or its relation to child and youth work, rather assuming all parents were capable of , and expressed, this kind of love to some degree. However, it was only by watching my friends wrestle with issues suchRead MoreHamlet By William Shakespeare s Hamlet Essay1707 Words   |  7 Pagesplay Hamlet because readers can actually visualize scenes from Hamlet through the actors and have their own opinions about the play. I choose to analyze and review Hamlet because this play intrigues me due to the facts that the play contains many elements that would not normally exist in a pla y. The critic Elizabeth Zemin Kolkovich went to see the modern version of Hamlet at Oregon Shakespeare Festival. Kolvovich describes this modern version of Hamlet as exciting and bold and mesmerizing. KolkovichRead MoreMozarts First Movement for Clarinet Concerto in A Major, K6221508 Words   |  6 Pageshabit of challenging traditional structures in music and society, Mozart fosters unity between the ensemble and the soloist in a form that is usually built on contrast in the first movement of his Concerto for Clarinet in A Major, K 622. This paper will begin with a brief discussion of sonata form, which will define many of the terms used in the remainder of the paper. Next, a detailed explanation of first-movement concerto form as it was understood in Mozart’s time. Following this, Mozart’s habitsRead MoreThe Album Ep By Jeff Buckley1513 Words   |  7 Pagesthe song. â€Å"Lover† incorporates the elements of virtual time through the way Buckley’s voice and instrumentation change throughout the song, creating their own emotions and storyline other than that told by the lyrics and virtual experience. Virtual time is the â€Å"musical score† of a song which is understood by how it â€Å"contrasts with actual time† (Sellnow, 2001). Virtual time can be analyzed by the rhythm, harmony, melody, phrasing and instrumentation of the music and is categorized into patterns ofRead MoreAnalysis of Friedrich Nietzsche ´s Book 5 of The Gay Science Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pagesconsequence out of humanity’s general seclusion from faith. Since the old infinite was built out of a divine foundation in a desperate human attempt for certainty, much of the interpretations of the old establishment were widely accepted to the whole, while individual perspectives were abandoned for a herd mentality. Kant and Hegel are unintentional supporters of the old infinite, since their own interpretations about finding truth in the world and its past experiences are similarly trying to advocate

The Vandals Free Essays

‘Answers to question on prose fiction should address relevantly the central concern(s)/theme(s) of the text and be supported by reference to appropriate techniques of prose fiction such as: Characterisation, setting, key incident(s), narrative technique, symbolism, structure, climax, plot, atmosphere, dialogue, imagery. Choose a novel or short story with a central character you consider to be heroic, Show how the heroic qualities are revealed and discuss how this portrayal of the character enhances your understanding of the text as a whole. ANSWER: Many complaints recently have revolved around the strong targeting the weak. We will write a custom essay sample on The Vandals or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Alan Bolds short story ‘The Vandals’ we hear the story of Gordon Miller. A retired Civil Servant whom is a quiet gentle man. He could have been considered heroic when he stood up to a ground of youths – The Vandals of the story. Bold uses numerous techniques such as setting, imagery and foreshadowing to highlight Gordon Millers transition from hero to villain. The Vandals by Alan Bold is set in a small fictional Scottish town called Marshend. Gordon Miller moves into a small cottage here looking for peace and quiet. This is soon disrupted by a local group of youths who call him names and vandalise his property. After trying to confront these youths to reason with them he soon realises that he is trying to reason with people who know no limits, he soon takes things into his own hands. In the opening of the story Bold refers to the Roman invasion of Marshend and to the Roman General Agricola. However the Roman’s failed to completely conquer Marshend. From the beginning of the story Bold juxtaposes Miller against the Romans. Bold does this by giving the imagery of Miller being the Inhabitants of Marshend and the vandals being the Roman army. First Miller tries to reason with the vandals, however after multiple reoccurring attacks on his house Miller declares what would be classed as war on the vandals. Through numerous applications of word choice Bold manages to foreshadow the fact that Gordon Miller may not be as calm and tolerable person as he seems to be. ‘Gordon Miller decided he would keep calm’ This is after the first attack on his home. By having to decide to stay calm this shows that it is almost like he is forcing himself to do so and this is doubting that he isn’t as calm a person as he seems. In the village the others formed an opinion on Gordon Millers ‘mental stability’ from this it was reflected back to him to make an opinion on himself. This tells the reader that apart from what we have read Gordon Miller may act very differently as well. Bold seems to keep Gordon Miller personality close to his chest revealing only what he has too. It triggers a reaction in the readers mind wondering as to why the other villagers have been commenting on his mental stability. It also would make Miller question his actions, if he has been acting a certain way and villagers were starting to question and talk about his actions then it would possibly make him take notice and try to change the way he acts around others. Nearing the end of the story Bold uses a lot of imagery linked in with Gordon Miller and the theme of the Romans. When the vandals come back for the last time Bold describes Miller as standing at the ‘summit of the hill, on the top terrace. ’ This is similar to the idea of the Roman General waiting and observing his territory. Gordon Miller is standing and observing the youths and his home before he launches his attack on the youths. This is the turning point in the story where Bold twists Gordon Miller from being symbolic of the villagers in Marshend under attack to being the Roman General who is waiting to start his attack. This shows Gordon Miller becoming heroic as he is standing up to the vandals who have been tormenting him. This gives us the understanding that certain people can only take so much stress and disruption in their lives before they come to the end of their tether and retaliate. The last sentence in the story is an image of Miller sitting playing with a set of ‘Roman Soldiers’. This shows that Gordon Miller is a lot more complex than Bold let us believe. He likes order and stability in his life, he does not like change and disruptions. As he is playing with the Roman Soldier set this represents the order that he likes in his life. In conclusion revealing Gordon Millers personality slowly throughout the short story Bold uses a number of techniques such as pathos, setting, imagery and word choice. Through these we feel empathy towards Gordon Miller and understand why he proceeded taking the heroic actions that he did. This helps the reader not to dislike Miller for his actions but feel happy for him that he finally got justice on the vandals. Word Count: 755 How to cite The Vandals, Papers

Turn over free essay sample

I may say that this lovely evening, this 20th day of February in the year 2009, will be greatly rated for being one of the volumes of the most prestigious blockbuster film- our lives. In a few more episodes, we, seniors, will ascend to more difficult tapings and pictorials because we will encounter a greater production; more actors to be met and more roles to be performed. And of course, one thing is for sure: we are always the writer of our own story. As for now, lets congratulate ourselves for we all have been doing so great to make this tale as fulfilling as we want it and as adventurous as e make it.In four years of staying here in this institution, I may conclude that counting the wonderful moments that we shared in our high school days is a mind-boggling thing because even the depressing ones that we lived through contributed in helping us to become what we are today. We will write a custom essay sample on Turn over or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Yes, even the giving of any sizes of paper during quizzes, burnouts during breaks and being papayas In front of our teachers, all are considered factors that made this experience complete and of course, a perfect one. And if we are going to look at it, everything happened in a blast but, much unnoticed.When I made my first footsteps in this school in the early days of my freshman year, one thing I cant forget is our innocent selves Just Like a blind person who seeks the right path, looking for the white light behind the darkness of that Innocence. By all means, we looked for the knowledge we need and we craved for the wisdom we must possess before we depart from this home, from this family. We were so curious about all the things that we encountered everyday but we did not know to whom we must hold on and how to distinguish right from wrong.And because of such blindness, achieving only the radiance of the twilight, some succeeded in knowing all the essential things to be remembered and to be understood by the heart but others got lost In the labyrinth and failed to know the Indispensable truth of life. We have encountered many things as high school students but still, our journey will not stop af ter this stage. And Im very proud that we never lost hope when failures and disappointments came to our way. We defended what we love, and fought for what we believe In.And as for you, the Juniors, in a few more days, your job will be to continue the unfinished tasks we will leave behind as we sail in our respective ships to discover new oceans. In behalf of the seniors, we are thankful because you are our companions and these years will serve as memories that we will cherish forever. Remember the things that have helped us to finish this stage. You must learn how to be responsible. Responsibility is one key in order for you to succeed. Some things that we did might not have worked out well but we trust that after we leave the portals of this institution, you may learn from our mistakes. Expect the worst but always strive for the best. Whenever you fail, dont lose hope, Just stand up. Consider such challenges as a blessing. We must learn from these challenges, particularly the failures so that we will achieve more success. You must also learn how to be humble. Humility is one sign of being educated, of being wise. This will be the start of your time to grow up and make your own; we believe that you can do more than what we have done. But in doing so, always remember this: The taller the bamboo grows, the lower it bends. And lastly, you must learn to be contented sometimes but grow most of the time.It is always right to be contented but this will sometimes hinder you from growing, from progressing. You only live once, so live your life to the fullest. It is not yet over so never make this as an excuse for you to be contented; there are many more fishes in the sea, waiting for you to discover them. Just be grateful for all your achievements and be thankful to the One who is the first and the last thing we must think of, God, because His love for us and His will to guide us is everlasting. We hope to see all your spectacular dreams come true. Just remember that: All endings are also beginnings; we Just dont know it at the time.

Indonesia Essays - Provinces Of Indonesia, Maritime Southeast Asia

Indonesia Indonesia This report will be on the History in Brief of Indonesia, the Government of Indonesia, the island of Java, and the Geography of Indonesia. In early days, the region from India to Japan, including Indonesia, was known to the Europeans as the Indies. Chris Columbus was looking for a westward sea root from Europe to the Indies, when he arrived in America. During 1600s the Dutch political control began to spread Indonesia. Indonesia declared it's independence in 1945 and fought the Dutch until 1949, when they gave up their control. At first, the Dutch allowed nationalist movement to develop. In 1905, it had introduced councils to govern the towns and cities. By 1920, there were 32 such councils, with little electoral franchise. Other councils were also established. They included provincial councils in Java, and group communities councils outside Java. The current government of Indonesia is based on a constitution written in 1945. A president serves as the head of government. The presiden t appoints a sheet of advisers consisting of top military leaders and civilians. In theory, the assembly is supposed to establish a general direction of the government's policies. A house of peoples Representatives is the nation's parliament, however, in practice neither the assembly nor the house has real power. Instead, it is the president who makes all of the important decisions. The president is elected to a five-year term the Peoples Consultative assembly. The assembly has 1,000 members. It includes the 500 members of the people's representatives. It also includes 500 members of regional, occupational, and other groups. All assembly members serve five-year terms. The assembly usually is only held once every five years. The 500 members of the People's Representatives includes 400 who are elected through a system that insures that the government's political organization win most of the seats. Serviceman have no vote, so the remaining 100 are appointed by the president on the reco mmendation of the commander of the armed forces. Indonesia is divided into twenty-seven provinces. The provinces are divided into regencies and municipalities. These units are further divided into villages. Officials of all local government units except villages are appointed by central government from lists of people nominated by regional legislators. Indonesian villages elect their own village officials to provide local government. Java lies between Sumatra (to the west), and Bali (to the east). To the north is the Java Sea. To the south is the Indian Ocean, which Indonesians call the Indonesian Ocean. The greatest distance from North Java to South Java is two hundred kilometers. From East Java to West Java is over one thousand kilometers. The island of Java has five administrative units: the special territory of Jakarta Raya, Java Barat , Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, the special territory of Yogjakarta, and Jawa Timur. Chains of volcanic mountains run along the island from west to ea st. These mountains are apart of a fold in the earth's crust which extends from Southeast Asian mainland through Sumatra and Java to the lesser Sundra Islands. Java itself has 112 peaks. The volcanic soil is extremely fertile and this are supports a large population. Tangkuban Prahu in West Java is a live volcanoe that attracts many tourists. A similar mountain in the Sunda Straights, Krakatoua, is famous for its eruption in 1883. The whole northern portion of the peak was blown away. The explosion was heard over 700 kilometers away. The resulting sea waves caused over thirty six thousand Indonesian deaths in the low lying of West and South Jakarta. Indonesia is a country in Southeast Asia that consists of more than 13,600 islands. The islands lie along the equator, and extend more than 5,000 kilometers. Many of the islands cover only a few square kilometers but about half of New Guinea (an area called Irian Jaya), and three fourths of Borneo (Kalimantan), also belong to Indonesia. New Guinea and Borneo are the second and third largest islands in the world after Greenland.

Lack of Teen Representaion in essays

Lack of Teen Representaion in essays The Lack of Representation of Teens in Government What was the significance of passing the graduated driving law in New Jersey? It only delays the inevitable. Anyone born after January 1, 1985 falls under the graduated licensing program. It is completely unnecessary. It splits the entire tenth grade in half. Half the teens get their deserved license at 17. The rest of us, will have to wait till we are 18. It wouldnt bother us so much if we were told this when we were kids, but they throw this at us a year before we get our licenses. It is cruel and unusual punishment against us as teens because we are teens. We are not 18, so we have no say in government. Something we cant control. This needs to change. We have rights too. This law is unnecessary because it only delays the timing when teens get their real licenses. It doesnt change the fact that new drivers are immature and fool around, whether they are 17 or 18. There is still going to be just as many accidents. The law doesnt make any sense. All it really does is restrict teens from carpooling, and it puts a curfew on driving. Teens are responsible drivers when they drive with their parents because they dont want to lose their parents trust; it is only until they get to drive alone that they do stupid things. Nighttime is the best time to fool around, but teens will fool around at night when they turn 18. The law is just delaying the inevitable, and it is punishing teens who havent even done anything to break the law. The deeper problem, is that the politicians pass this law on teens that cant legally take part in the government. There is no one to represent us, because all the people that can legally represent us are adults, and the adults find no problem with this law. It doesnt affect them. The government either needs to stop passing laws that restrict teens, or allow us to repre...

Islamic Law and its Hearings and Trials Assignment

Islamic Law and its Hearings and Trials - Assignment Example Basic principles of Sharia are to see the will of God done on earth and the will is meant to bring about compassion, kindness, generosity, justice, fair play, tolerance and care in general. The basic principles of Sharia Law include the right to the protection of life, the right to the protection of the family, the right to the protection of education and the right to the protection of religion. Moreover, the principles include the right to the protection of property and the right to the protection of human dignity (Janin and AndreÃŒ  30-41: 77). Sacred law operates slightly different from the secular law because the sacred law only applies to members of a particular religion, for instance, Islamic religion. However, secular law is superior to the sacred law and is applicable to a wider geographical region and on different people regardless of their religion. Moreover, a sacred law is only enforceable by the people belonging to a particular religion who may handle both civil and criminal cases of a particular religion. Most of the laws are created based on specific religious principles. Sharia Law, for example, is created as per Prophet Mohammed’s teachings and the Quran. The sacred law must always be consistent with the superior secular law. Secular law is made by the judges or created by the legislators and are found in every country worldwide. The judges or makers of the secular law only requires formal education and must not always belong to a certain group of religion. Because the society changes, laws also change to reflect the values of the people it governs. It is apparent that people’s’ values and ways of life change and the law is required to accommodate such kind of changes.  The attitudes and values of should be democratically reflected in the law. However, some laws do not change because they always remain relevant to the society’s way of life and values.

Organisational Change and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organisational Change and Development - Essay Example Organisational theory has compared and contrasted many ways of fostering the types of effective change deemed necessary to improve the production and distribution of goods and services. In addition, a variety of strategic change recommendations have been advanced based on organisational structures, relations with the public, and objectives oriented change to optimally enhance operations. This literature has given concerned stakeholders tremendous insight into the diverse methods available for enhancing the likelihood for successful transformation, all the while minimising risks for productivity, goals and objectives, as well as human resources. Given the turbulent financial environment that managers currently find themselves in, it is unlikely that any element of classic theoretical frameworks approaching problem identification and solution on a start and stop basis will provide the instruments or mechanisms necessary to continuously create the responsive flexibility and adaptability needed to survive in the current environment. Before describing the planned change factors and related resilience and fortitude now needed by contemporary organisations to address perpetual problem solving, it may be useful to describe relevant theoretical frameworks that can help managers understand and guide complex organisations through these turbulent waters of today, through the development of cohesive and responsive change strategies needed to survive and thrive under these challenging environmental conditions. RELEVANT LITERATURE The theoretical justification for organisational change has been reconciled in many ways. Classic organizational specialists argue that organisations should imitate the activities, structures, and operational patterns of those thriving in a given industry. Paradigms that advance these tendencies for organisational imitation are known as isomorphism, believed to be highly beneficial for performance and cultures (Zucker, 1977). In contrast, other frameworks suggest that flexibility and adaptation to fluctuating environments is much more likely to facilitate success (Robertson & Seneviratne, 1995). Still others examine organisational problem-based operations in light of resource mobilization or by the accumulation and maintenance of power structures (Pfeffer, 1977). Change management theorists take the position that change will be needed at certain critical points throughout an organizational lifespan, and that when necessary, constructive transformations might optimally be implemented through rational and judicious decision-making. Throughout the period of critical events when change might be indicated, managers should not necessarily exploit their power or opportunistically capitalize on their authority to impose unnecessary levels of uncertainty. According to Jackson and Carter (2007, p. 6), this could be highly detrimental to process and action oriented objectives. Our belief is that the proper purpose of the study of organisational behaviour is to provide an understanding of it, not to prescribe its uncontrolled manipulation. Such an understanding cannot be achieved independently of consideration of the purposes, practices, and ethical issues surrounding organisational

Clinical diversity analysis on a nursing subject Essay

Clinical diversity analysis on a nursing subject - Essay Example With this in mind, it is necessary that nursing students equip themselves both theoretically and in practice. A nurse must be thorough in all aspects of health care because a patient’s recovery rests on their hands. In the field of nursing, care has its provisions in various settings; it mainly depends on the convenience of the patient and the availability of resources with the inclusion of the population demand. This paper is centred on reflection in consideration to my learning experiences as the semester comes to a close. The purpose of reflecting is to identify how far I have come in as far as training and knowledge in this chosen field is concerned. There are difficulties and obstacles I have had to overcome for me to pass the qualification necessary to proceed with my training. This paper will be looking into reflection upon the topic; what learning and practice experiences did I expect before embarking on my second year? What was the outcome of the topic, learning and practice? The paper will also feature the various challenges and barriers faced during the course of the semester as well as the outcome of such adversity; how does such challenges influence my continuing professional development as I pass on to the next year of training and in my nursing career in general? During the semester, the lecturer involved the students in rigorous learning activities in a bid to make the learning experience enjoyable and friendlier to the students. For instance, the lecturer made use of tutorials which were made available to the students. Tutorials were a great way of giving the students a chance to learn on their own. When students learn on their own they develop a better understanding of the patient. Additionally it challenges the student to think harder while also giving an opportunity for the student to conduct research on the given topic to enhance

The Classification Of Learning Strategies English Language Essay

The Classification Of Learning Strategies English Language Essay Interest in the characteristics of good learners led researchers to identify learning strategies. Learners are different because of their internal differences and the role played by the external factors. Among these differences are the strategies used by learners (Griffiths and Parr, 2001, p 249). In some researches the terms strategies and skills are used synonymously à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦skills and strategies such as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Drake, 2008, p 8), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦skills/ strategiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Lu, 2006, p ii). In other researches, skills are differentiated from strategies. Skills are defined as acquired abilities, proficiencies (Harris and Hodges 1981, 298) and a mode(s) or manner(s) in which language is used (Richards et al. 1985, 160) and they are used to perform well (Hudson, 2007, p 78). In (Griffiths, 2004) strategies are defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾devicesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ (Ellis 1986; Rubin 1975), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾techniquesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ (Rubin 1975), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾operations, stepsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ (OMalley et al 1985), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾directionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ (Stern 1992) and are used to acquire (Rubin 1975) to facilitate, (OMalley et al 1985), and to compensate (Ellis 1986). Strategies are also different from skills in that they are used consciously (Nuttall, 1996). Because they are tools, strategies are assumed to dominate over skills (OMalley et al., 1985, p 557). In this work, the term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾strategiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ is used to refer to the systematic ways which are consciously used by the readers to guide and enhance their reading processes. 2.6.1 Classification of learning strategies Researchers have tried to produce lists of learning strategies. Classification of learning strategies has primarily followed the theory of cognition, which is concerned with the way the brain works to process and call information back (Macaro, 2001). Rubin (1975) defined learning strategies as the techniques or devices which a learner may use to acquire knowledge. She divided these techniques or devices into Direct Learning Strategies and Indirect Learning Strategies. Direct Strategies are directly related to the items or issues being learned. They are clarification/verification, monitoring, memorisation, guessing/inductive inferencing, deductive reasoning, and practice. Indirect Learning Strategies are concerned with learning environment adaptation: creating opportunities for practice, and production tricks (Hismanoglu, 2000). Rubinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s (1975) classification reflects an interest in the relationship between the strategies used on one hand and learning processes and learning-environment adaptation on the other. In a later study, Wenden and Rubin (1987) learning strategies were classified into cognitive strategies and self-management strategies (Gamage, 2003). While cognitive strategies are concerned with the procedure used by the learner to process the information received, self-management strategies involve controlling the learning process itself. Using the term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾self-managementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ highlights the conscious use of the strategies. Social and affective factors were introduced in the classification presented by OMalley and Chamot (1990). They classified language-learning strategies into Cognitive strategies, Metacognitive strategies and Social/ Affective strategies (OMalley and Chamot, 1990, pp 44, 45). Cognitive strategies are relevant to the learning activities used by the learners to process new information. Metacognitive strategies are the activities which reflect a learners knowledge and management of his/ her learning process. Finally, Social/Affective strategies account for the social and affective aspects related to learning such as interacting with other people or controlling oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s own feelings while learning. Oxford (1990) developed the so-called Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL) which also apply to teaching. In this inventory, she divided strategies into main groups: Direct strategies and Indirect strategies. She divided these two major groups into six subgroups. 1) Direct Strategies: Cognitive Strategies (practicing, receiving and sending messages, analysing and reasoning, and creating structure for input and output) Metacognitive Strategies (centring learning, arranging and planning learning, and evaluating learning) Memory Strategies (creating mental linkages, applying images and sounds, reviewing, and employing action) 2) Indirect Strategies: Compensation Strategies (guessing intelligently, and overcoming limitations) Social Strategies (asking questions, cooperating with others, and empathising with others) Affective Strategies (lowering anxiety, encouraging oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s self, and taking emotional temperature) (Oxford, 1990, p 17) This classification of strategies can be considered the most detailed one because of its headings and subheadings. 2.7 Reading strategies Reading strategies are defined as readersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ conscious use (Nuttall, 1996, p 40) of techniques, operations or steps a learner takes to conceive a task, what textual cues they attend to, how they make sense of what they read, and what they do when they do not understand (Block, 1986, p 465). Doing so, readers should be aware of the strategies used and how to control them when they read (Paris et al., 1986, pp 92- 108). L1 reading studies constituted the base of reading studies in general.and the results and procedures were extended to cover L2 studies. Grabe and Stoller (2002) point out that foreign language teachers should assist students to transfer L1 reading strategies and to gain sufficient L2 proficiency (pp 84, 85). Studies of L1 reading strategies have usually concentrated on describing and listing the characteristics and strategies that distinguish good readers from poor readers and on the factors or reasons that may affect the reading process. Olshavsky (1976/1977) studied the effect of reading material and interest in reading strategy use for 24 tenth grade students while they were trying to comprehend a short story. The results revealed that both good readers and poor readers used the same strategies; however, readers with high interest in the material used strategies more frequently than did readers with low interest. In relation to the material, readers used more strategies when engaged in abstract material. Thus, it can be concluded that the kind of material and readers interest affect the number of the strategies used. Hosenfeld (1977) compared the strategies used by good readers and poor readers. The subjects were 40 students out of the 210 students who administered MLA-Cooperative Test of Reading Proficiency in Western New York. Twenty of the subjects scored high (32-45), and the other twenty scored low (13-19). The researcher concluded that good readers are characterised by keeping the meaning of the passage in mind as they read, reading in broad phrases, skipping words that are considered unimportant and unknown, looking up words, correctly, in the glossary as a last resort, and having a positive self-image as a reader. This study reveals that good readers are strategic and make use of their working memory. Some studies investigated certain strategies rather than describing the general characteristics of the reader. Kavale and Schreiner (1979) compared the way reasoning strategies were used by eight average and eight above-average readers who were selected from sixth grade population in a suburban public elementary school based on their scores in the Comprehension section of the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test. Although the two levels used similar strategies, above- average readers used strategies more efficiently and successfully. Moreover, they realised that the above-average readers used strategies flexibly and sought alternatives when they needed to. In this study, it seems that the difference between the readers is not the number or kind of strategies used rather it is a matter of efficiency and flexibility. Studies also investigated the use of a group of strategies to achieve one purpose. Afflerbach (1990) investigated the strategies used to construct the main idea of difficult texts, and the contribution of prior knowledge to strategy use. The participants were eight (four anthropology doctoral students, four chemistry doctoral students) who had relatively high background knowledge in their own field, and relatively low knowledge in the other field. The two texts used in this study were from two different knowledge domains: anthropology and chemistry. In this study, the topic sentences were removed from the texts. He noticed that four strategies were used: Draft-and-Revision, Topic/ Comment, Initial Hypothesis, and Listing. In Draft-and-Revision, the reader jots down an idea, judges it, then when it proves to be wrong, it is revised. The second strategy is Topic/ Comment, in which the reader highlights a topic and comments on it. The third is generating an Initial Hypothesis based on the title, the first sentence, or skimming the text; then testing the accuracy of th e hypothesis and modifying it. The final strategy is Listing where the related words, concepts, or ideas are grouped together. It was also noticed that familiarity with the text generated its automatic processing (Afflerbach, 1990, p 33). This may suggest a relationship between automaticity and prior knowledge. The strategies used can also be affected by level of difficulty. Kletzien (1991) compared the strategies used by good readers and poor readers as they were presented with texts that varied in difficulty. The 48 participants in this study were 10th and 11th grade students at a suburban high school in the U.S. Twenty four of these subjects were good comprehenders while the others were poor comprehenders. She observed that both groups used the same type and number of strategies when the text introduced suited groupà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s level. However, poor readers used fewer strategies than the good readers as the texts became more difficult. Macaro (2001) also reported that good readers do not get anxious when they do not understand (Macaro, 2001, pp 86, 88). Kozminsky and Kozminsky (2001) explored the relationship between general knowledge and skills in applying reading strategies on one hand and reading comprehension on the other. The participants were 205 ninth-graders in two comprehensive high schools in a city in southern Israel. Thirty four subjects were expected to successfully complete the full high school programme and full course of the national matriculation examinations, 128 were expected to get the diploma and take a few of the national matriculation examinations, 21 students were expected to complete the high school programme and obtain a diploma, and finally 22 were expected to complete twelve years of schooling to obtain a diploma. In this study, the researchers concluded that general knowledge and the ability to apply reading strategies contribute to reading comprehension. However, this contribution varied because of the differences in the educational level of the students (academic, semi-academic, vocational, and learning disabilities). Through think-aloud protocol and interviews, Lau (2006) highlighted the difference in the reading strategies used by four good and four poor Chinese readers. These subjects were in eighth grade in Hong Kong. The researcher realised that good readers are characterised by their knowledge of vocabulary and strategies, their abundant use of the strategies, and their memory capacity whereas poor readers lack these characteristics. L2 reading proficiency can also affect metacognitive strategies. Koli -Vehovec and BajÃ…Â ¡anski (2007) explored comprehension monitoring of bilingual (Croatian native speaking) students at different levels of perceived proficiency in Italian. They noted that proficient students in a second language showed greater mastery of monitoring skills than the less proficient students, and that monitoring contributed to reading comprehension in higher elementary school. These studies show that good readers are characterised by their knowledge of vocabulary and their working memory capacity. These characteristics helped them use reading strategies more efficiently and flexibly than poor readers. Lack of these abilities and prior knowledge about the reading material, and textsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ levels of difficulty affected poor readersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ achievement negatively. The strategies mentioned in the above studies can be grouped into three categories: tools used in the reading process, manipulation of reading material and planning and monitoring of reading process. The following table summarises that.

Chief Bromden in Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest :: One Flew Over Cuckoos Nest

Chief Bromden in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest Chief Bromden is half American Indian. His father was a chief named Tee Ah Millatoona, which means The-pine-that-stands-tallest-on-the-mountain. That is why he is able to use the title chief. He took on his mother's last name of Bromden. He grew up in the Columbian gorge. The chief is massive and tall and would appear very intimidating and threatening to those who meet him. He was committed to the hospital and has been there for longer than anyone else, for over 15 years. He was put in there after World War two. The chief was an electrician's assistant in a training camp before the army shipped him off to Germany. It is probably due to working with electronics and the added strain of going to war that has led the chief to have such an unhealthy preoccupation with electronics. The chief has led everyone in the hospital, both staff and patients to believe he is deaf and dumb. As a young child he was always ignored, by fellow students and adults, this could have been because he was so strange looking, being half American Indian and appearing so big and menacing yet being quite shy. "I had to keep acting deaf if I wanted to hear at all." He felt rejected by his peers throughout life and so as an adult decided that as people acted like he was invisible he might as well disappear, "It wasn't me that started acting deaf, it was people that first started acting like I was too dumb to hear or see or say anything at all." So pretending to be deaf and dumb was probably a defence mechanism. For him, his silence is also extremely potent. As he is able to hear everything that went on in the meetings where the doctors and nurses discuss the future of the patients. The doctors and nurses don't hesitate to say anything in front of him because they think he can 't hear. "They don't bother not talking out loud about their hate secrets when I'm nearby because they think I'm deaf and dumb." The chief sees things in literal metaphors, he sees McMurphy as being really big in size because he is so brave (and big in spirit).

Ford Ka Analysis (with R Software)

1) After using the similarity data provided for the Ford Ka market research study to perform a MDS analysis on the whole sample, the map (exhibit 1) shows the position of the different cars relative to each other. We can see two groups: one of them made of Peugeot 106, Ford Fiesta and Opel Corsa (practical and safe cars), the other one made of Nissan Micra and Fiat 500 (dull and outdated cars). The other cars cannot be grouped together but there are all the same similarities between cars in the light of the two dimensions: it allows us for example to see similarity concerning the second dimension between Toyota Rav 4 and VW Polo. It is important here to keep in mind that it is an analysis on the WHOLE sample, it is the reason why the two dimensions cannot be easily labeled. The first dimension (coordinate 1) shows us if the car is considered as more and less youthful by the respondents. Indeed by using the adjectives associated with each car by â€Å"Ka Choosers† and â€Å"Non-Choosers† provided in the preliminary report we can see that there is no crucial difference concerning this aspect. But for the second dimension it is not that easy because it does not seem to have a consensus and so I decided to not label this dimension. In this case the fact that the MDS analysis does not distinguish between the â€Å"Choosers† and â€Å"Non-Choosers† makes more complicated the naming of the coordinate 2, even if it allows us to see which cars are close to each other or not, according to all respondents. 2) To see more clearly we need to differentiate the MDS between â€Å"Ka Choosers† and â€Å"Non-Choosers†. The two maps provided by this analysis are not exactly the same (see exhibit 2), but they solve the issue of the coordinate 2. Indeed concerning the first dimension there is almost no difference: the â€Å"Choosers† and â€Å"Non-Choosers† have a similar perception of â€Å"youthful† of a car. The difference between the two maps is due to the second dimension which is not the same if you are a â€Å"Choosers† or not. They do not perceive the market of small cars in the same way: for the â€Å"Choosers† the look of the car is the second dimension with the importance of the futuristic aspect of the car, for the â€Å"Non-Choosers† the second dimension is the safety provides by the car. The explanation for these differences is that they might not have the same needs: needs for safety against need for a fashion and futuristic car. 3) With regard to our first discussion of the Ford Ka case this MDS analysis is an added value to the formulation of Ford’s market introduction strategy. After the initial results of market research (case study part A) we only knew that a demographical segmentation was not relevant and that it would be better to have an attitudinal segmentation. But we did not have any idea of this segmentation because of the complexity of our results. Thus the issue was that this market research did not give clear answer about who the target customers should be. Now we can say three things: The Renault Twingo is the most closer car in the map according to potential buyers (the â€Å"Choosers†): it is the â€Å"main competitor†. It can be connected to the fact that for these people who listed the Ford Ka as one of their top three choices, the Renault Twingo was frequently in the top three as well. – The main salient attitude of potential buyers is the importance of the look of a car, especially the futuristic aspect. At the opposite the â€Å"Non-Chooser† qualify the Ford Ka as unsafe. The point is the most interesting beca use we know that women (especially with children) want a safe car. Thus the desire to focus on women is probably not the good point. – For the â€Å"Choosers† and above all for the â€Å"Non-Choosers† the Ford Ka is a special car which does not look like to others. In glances of this information we know that the Ford Ka occupies a niche in product space, that the â€Å"hard† positioning cannot be changed because the car is already produced and that the â€Å"soft† positioning should be to confirm the perception of a special and futuristic car with for example futuristic advertising focused on the esthetic aspect of the car.

5 Fun ACT Test Facts For a Study Break

5 Fun ACT Test Facts For a Study Break SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips As stressful as the ACT can be, you shouldn’t take it too seriously. It’s an important test, sure, but just a test all the same. Here are fiveweird facts about the ACT to help you feel less overwhelmed by studying. Fact #1: Harvey Mudd was the last college to start acceptingthe ACT Although the SAT was the original college admission test, most schools have been treating the ACT equally for decades. A major exception wasengineering college Harvey Mudd, which didn't allow applicants to submit ACT scores until 2007- making it the very last school to do so. Fact#2: The ACT was originally intended to be a placement test as well as an admissions test When it was first designed, the ACT was meant to compete with the SAT by testing knowledge rather than potential. Given that the testwas meant to showwhat students actually knew, founderE. F. Lindquistwanted the ACT tobe used for placement as well as admissions. Alas, that use never really caught on (except with some community colleges). But the ACT's curriculum-based testing approach has influenced the College Board's many changes to the SAT, especially next year's major overhaul. Fact #3: The ACT is now more popular than the SAT In the past few years, the ACT’s popularity has actually surpassed the SAT’s. 1.85 million students from the class of 2014 took the ACT and 1.67 million took the SAT. If you have questions about the differences between the two tests, check out our comparison guides for the current SAT and the ACT and the new SAT and the ACT. Fact #4: Cheating on the ACT can get you arrested In 20, a group of college students who were caught taking the ACT for others were brought up on criminal charges in New York (although ultimately none of them went to jail). Another case of ACT cheating involvedteachers at one Kentucky schoolhelpingtheir students with difficult questions. The New York cheating scandal is the reason ACT admission tickets now include a photo. Fact #5: Colorado and Illinois were the first states to require all juniors to take the ACT If you live in the Midwestor Southeast, there’s a good chance you’ll be required to take the ACT in your high school. Although 16 states now require the test, the practice started back in 2001 with just two: Colorado and Illinois. Ironically, the ACT is no longer required of all Illinois juniors: the state decided last year to allow districts to opt out of the testing. Further Reading If you're having trouble motivating, try these tips for beating procrastination. Are you struggling to improve or have actually seen your scores go down? Try these strategies to turn it around. For tons of other free ACTprep resources, take a look at the right sidebar to find our posts sorted by topic. Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Alex Heimbach About the Author Alex is an experienced tutor and writer. Over the past five years, she has worked with almost a hundred students and written about pop culture for a wide range of publications. She graduated with honors from University of Chicago, receiving a BA in English and Anthropology, and then went on to earn an MA at NYU in Cultural Reporting and Criticism. In high school, she was a National Merit Scholar, took 12 AP tests and scored 99 percentile scores on the SAT and ACT. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. No spam ever. hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: '360031', formId: '2167ba30-e68e-4777-b88d-8bf3c84579af', formInstanceId: '2', submitButtonClass: 'btn-red-light btn', target: '#hubspot-container2', redirectUrl: 'http://ww2.prepscholar.com/blog-subscribe-thank-you', css: '.post-bottom .hs-form.stacked label {display:none;} .post-bottom .hs-form.stacked .field div.input {padding-top: 55px; padding-left: 300px;} .post-bottom .hs-input {width: 220px} .post-bottom .btn-primary, .hs-button.primary {margin-top:0px; padding-left:350px} .post-bottom .hs-form-field {margin-bottom:5px}' }); $(function(){ $(".exclusive-tip-form #hubspot-container2 label").hide(); }); function replace_tag(a, b){ $(a).each(function(index) { var thisTD = this; var newElement = $(""); $.each(this.attributes, function(index) { $(newElement).attr(thisTD.attributes[index].name, thisTD.attributes[index].value); }); $(this).after(newElement).remove(); }); } $(function(){ replace_tag($(".posts-by-topic h3"), "h2"); }) Ask a Question BelowHave any questions about this article or other topics? Ask below and we'll reply! Search the Blog Search jQuery(function(){ var $ = jQuery; var url = 'http://google.com/search?q=site:' + location.protocol + '//' + location.hostname + ' '; var $searchModule = $('.hs-search-module.e62e64ea-d756-4d62-8213-fb1bad3ad6a9'); var $input = $searchModule.find('input'); var $button = $searchModule.find('.hs-button.primary'); if (false) { $input.val(decodeURIComponent(location.pathname.split('/').join(' ').split('.').join(' ').split('-').join(' ').split('_').join(''))); } $button.click(function(){ var newUrl = url + $input.val(); var win = window.open(newUrl, '_blank'); if (win) { //Browser has allowed it to be opened win.focus(); } else { //Browser has blocked it location.href = newUrl; } }); $input.keypress(function(e){ if (e.keyCode !== 13) return; e.preventDefault(); $button.click(); }); }); Improve With Our Famous Guides SATPrep ACTPrep For All Students The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 160+ SAT Points How to Get a Perfect 1600, by a Perfect Scorer Series: How to Get 800 on Each SAT Section: Score 800 on SAT Math Score 800 on SAT Reading Score 800 on SAT Writing Series: How to Get to 600 on Each SAT Section: Score 600 on SAT Math Score 600 on SAT Reading Score 600 on SAT Writing Free Complete Official SAT Practice Tests What SAT Target Score Should You Be Aiming For? 15 Strategies to Improve Your SAT Essay The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer Series: How to Get 36 on Each ACT Section: 36 on ACT English 36 on ACT Math 36 on ACT Reading 36 on ACT Science Series: How to Get to 24 on Each ACT Section: 24 on ACT English 24 on ACT Math 24 on ACT Reading 24 on ACT Science What ACT target score should you be aiming for? ACT Vocabulary You Must Know ACT Writing: 15 Tips to Raise Your Essay Score How to Get Into Harvard and the Ivy League How to Get a Perfect 4.0 GPA How to Write an Amazing College Essay What Exactly Are Colleges Looking For? Is the ACT easier than the SAT? A Comprehensive Guide Should you retake your SAT or ACT? When should you take the SAT or ACT? Michael improved by 370 POINTS! Find Out How Stay Informed Get the latest articles and test prep tips! Looking for Graduate School Test Prep? Check out our top-rated graduate blogs here: GRE Online Prep Blog GMAT Online Prep Blog TOEFL Online Prep Blog

Why Its Important to Read Beowulf

Why Its Important to Read Beowulf In the film Annie Hall, Diane Keaton confesses to Woody Allen her interest in attending some college classes. Allen is supportive, and has this bit of advice: Just dont take any course where you have to read Beowulf. Yes, its funny; those of us who, by professorial demand, have plowed through books written in other centuries know just what he means. Yet its sad, too, that these ancient masterpieces have come to represent a form of scholastic torture. Why bother anyway? you may ask. Literature isnt history, and I want to know what actually happened, not some story about unrealistic heroes who never existed. However, for anyone truly interested in history, I think there are some valid reasons to bother. Medieval literature is history a piece of evidence from the past. While the stories told in epic poems can rarely be taken for actual fact, everything about them illustrates the way things were at the time they were written. These works were morality pieces as well as adventures. The heroes embodied the ideals to which knights of the times were encouraged to strive, and the villains performed actions they were cautioned against and got their comeuppance in the end. This was especially true of Arthurian tales. We can learn much from examining the ideas people had then of how one ought to behave which, in many ways, are like our own views. Medieval literature also provides modern readers with intriguing clues to life in the Middle Ages. Take, for example, this line from The Alliterative Morte Arthure (a fourteenth-century work by an unknown poet), where the king has ordered his Roman guests to be given the finest accommodations available: In chambers with chimpnees they changen their weedes. At a time when the castle was the height of comfort, and all the castle folk slept in the main hall to be near the fire, individual rooms with heat were signs of great wealth, indeed. Read further in the poem to find what was considered fine food: Pacockes and plovers in platters of gold / Pigges of pork despine that pastured never (piglets and porcupines); and Grete swannes full swithe in silveren chargeours, (platters) / Tartes of Turky, taste whom them likes . . . The poem goes on to describe a sumptuous feast and the finest tableware, all of which knocked the Romans off their feet. The likely popularity of surviving medieval works is another reason to study them. Before they were set to paper these tales were told by hundreds of minstrels in court after court and castle after castle. Half of Europe knew the tales in The Song of Roland or El Cid, and everyone knew at least one Arthurian legend. Compare that to the place in our lives of popular books and films (try to find someone who never saw Star Wars), and it becomes clear that each tale is more than a single thread in the fabric of medieval life. How, then, can we ignore these literary pieces when seeking the truth of history? Perhaps the best reason for reading medieval literature is its atmosphere. When I read Beowulf or Le Morte DArthur, I feel as if I know what it was like to live in those days and to hear a minstrel tell the story of a great hero defeating an evil foe. That in itself is worth the effort. I know what youre thinking: Beowulf is so long I couldnt possibly finish it in this lifetime, especially if I have to learn Old English first. Ah, but fortunately, some heroic scholars in years past have done the hard work for us, and have translated many of these works into modern English. This includes Beowulf! The translation by Francis B. Gummere retains the alliterative style and pacing of the original. And dont feel you have to read every word. I know some traditionalists would wince at this suggestion, but Im suggesting it anyway: try looking for the juicy bits first, then go back to find out more. An example is the scene where the ogre Grendel first visits the kings hall (section II): Found within it the atheling bandasleep after feasting and fearless of sorrow,of human hardship. Unhallowed wight,grim and greedy, he grasped betimes,wrathful, reckless, from resting-places,thirty of the thanes, and thence he rushedfain of his fell spoil, faring homeward,laden with slaughter, his lair to seek. Not quite the dry stuff you imagined, is it? It gets better (and more gruesome, too!). So be as brave as Beowulf, and face the fearsome fables of the past. Perhaps youll find yourself by a roaring fire in a great hall, and hear inside your head a tale told by a troubadour whose alliteration is much better than mine.

Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone - Essay Example The character and essence of Voldemort is an essential part of the novel and Rowling has used her skill to make it an interesting and influential character in Harry’s life and the story. The novel starts with the life of Harry Potter with his parents and then eventually with the Dursley family. He learns that he is a wizard and is sent to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. He makes two best friends there named Ron and Hermione. The three friends start searching for mysterious connections at Hogwarts. On Christmas they discover the three-headed guard dog which guards the Sorcerer’s Stone. This stone is capable of giving unlimited wealth and eternal life to the owner. It belongs to the old partner of Dumbledore, the head of Hogwarts (Rowling 75). After that Hagrid, a giant who gets Harry admission to Hogwarts, gets a dragon egg as a win of the poker game. Owning dragons was illegal hence Harry, Ron, and Hermione are caught and punished. For their punishment, they were sent to the enchanted forest to search for the one who had been killing unicorns. Harry finds a man in the forest who is wearing a hood and is drinking the blood of a unicorn. That man attacks Harry but Harry is saved by a man who tells him that the person who attacked him was Voldemort (Rowling 159). Voldemort is the same person who was trying to steal the Sorcerer’s Stone, and who had murdered Harry’s parents when Harry was just one year old. He had attacked harry back then also but it was unsuccessful. Harry decides to stop Voldemort and thus plans to get the stone before he does. Along with his friends he sneaks in the night and passes the guard dog. However, Harry is caught and there are orders for him to die. It is shown that Voldemort is the one who caught him and ordered him to die in someone else’s body. There is a struggle and a fight and Harry is

Corporate governance in the uk Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate governance in the uk - Coursework Example Economists have pointed out that banking sector failure in the UK was triggered by a chain of actions; for example, corporate governance malpractices like above average remuneration package for directors, lack of shareholders’ engagement, increase in transient ownership, absence of risk measurement mechanisms and misrepresentation of financial performance of the firm have contributed significantly to sub-prime mortgage crisis in the USA which was followed by a global financial crisis in 2008. The global financial crisis caused systematic risks for the UK banks which were linked with the USA and other global financial market. Northern Rock bank was the first victim of banking crisis in the UK, overreliance on wholesale funding and lack of regulatory control were the reasons behind the failure of Northern Rock bank. Industry analysts have pointed out that, the UK banking sector crisis was triggered by four types of corporate governance failures, such as inefficient risk management, above average remuneration for top level executives, lack of shareholder engagement and lack of board qualification. Next section will discuss the contribution of these four issues to the financial crisis in the UK. Managing risk is an essential part of corporate governance policy of banks in the UK. Investors and shareholders decide on the investment strategy on the basis of the level of risk associated with a particular investment decision. Research scholars have proposed recommendations, in the form of Cadbury report, Greenbury report and Turnbul report, in order to address the risk management issues related to corporate governance policy of companies in the UK. Combined code and Basel II agreements were the guiding criteria for banks to formulate risk management strategies but these guidelines were not sufficient for them to avoid financial crisis which resulted from sovereign debt crisis. Although

Lies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lies - Essay Example It is a fact that lying leads to more lies. When a person tells a lie for some reason, he/she needs to tell many other lies to cover that lie. Lies do not have any moral ground or proper base. Although lies can benefit people for a short span of time but their long-term effects are never good for them. It is because a person has to lie several times in life to cover one false statement given by that person in some earlier part of life. Another fact regarding lying is that it makes many other people lie to save the liar. A liar not only performs the immoral act of lying himself/herself but also makes his/her friends and family members perform the same act in order to get their cover to escape from the worse scenarios. Lying is really a waste of time and energy. A person who lies for some reason needs to remember that lie and perpetrate it in order to escape from any unexpected situation. Remembering a lie and making efforts to hide the truth regarding that lie forever is a very tiring job. Lies make the life of a person very difficult and troublesome instead of bringing any sort of long-term relief. A person needs to spend a good amount of time thinking how to hide the truth in future. Sometimes liars start believing that the lie that they have spoken is the ultimate truth. They start opposing the reality and a fight between right and wrong starts in their minds. They try to escape from the immorality of lying by opposing the truth and reality. However, they do not succeed in that and a sense of guilt injects in their minds forever. Lies also cause mistrust between true relationships. Lies inject doubt between the relationships, which decrease the degree of love, harmony, and respect that exists between the relationships. Lies create troubles not only for the liars but also for the people who are in some sort of relationship with the liars. Summing it up, lies put a number of negative effects

Ancient India Essay Example for Free

Ancient India Essay The era that brought India into the map of cultural prominence was during the rule of the Gupta Dynasty. The 4th and 5th century C. E. is considered as the Golden Age of India. The attainment of this Golden Age was made possible by the rule and influence of the Gupta Dynasty, which fostered the development of both the cultural and the political might of India during its time. The Gupta Rulers Chandragupta I, son of Ghatotkacha, was the fist imperial ruler of the empire situated in the north of the then India in the Vindhya Range. By marrying the princess of Licchavis, he formed alliance with the clan and begun power expansion. One of the important administrative systems that he established during his reign was the assembly of councilors that nominated his successor. The largest territorial expansion of the empire was undertaken during the reign of Samudragupta, son of Chandragupta I. His campaign established the largest political unit in South Asia at that time (Heitzman, 2007). He is considered as one of the greatest military geniuses in the history of India. One of his notable contributions was the establishment of coins made of pure gold. More than an exemplary military leader, he was also a patron of the arts as he was a celebrated poet and musician. He made coinage as the expertise of his time. Chandragupta II further expanded the empire through war conquests. His power was extended from coast-to-coast; and his reign became the economical high point of the empire through the establishment of trading capitals. During the reign of Kumaragupta I, the Pushyamitras tribe became powerful and had post threat to the empire. His successor, Skandagupta, considered the last of the great Gupta rulers, defeated the tribe but the territory was later on invaded by the White Huns. This defeat signaled the start of the decline of the empire. The Impact of the Empire The Gupta Dynasty is highly regarded for their contributions to the arts and culture of South Asia. Though the rulers cultural role was limited, their coinage expresses their being patrons of the arts (Heitzman, 2007). According to Hooker (1996), the eras cultural creativity is exemplified in magnificent architecture, sculpture and paintings. The paintings found in the Ajanta Cave are considered to be the most powerful works of the Indian art. Literature also flourished during that time of Indian history. The Gupta Empire had produced one of the greatest writers of poetry, Kalidasa. He is known for his lyric poetry and dramas, not only in India but also in Asian and even Western circles. It is also observed that the trading ports of the empire made the Indian culture dominant in the region. The period of the Gupta Dynasty was the period of â€Å"Greater India† (Hooker, 1996). Their cultural influences were extended through Burma, Cambodia and Sri Lanka. Another cultural legacy of the dynasty is the coinage system and effective administrative system. Their government was governed with only one taxation system centralized to the empire capital in Pataliputra. The kings remained to be the vassal kings where the entire kingdom was consolidated into single administrative unit (Hooker, 1996). The era of the Gupta Dynasty has not only uplifted the country politically but culturally as well. It has spilled over its influence in the South Asian region through wide range of trading products and services. Though it was later on buried in the pages of Indian history, its legacy to the Indian nation continue to this age. Its cultural heritage truly makes India one of the richest cultures in the world. References: Hooker, Richard (1996). The Age of the Guptas and After. Ancient India. Retrieved September 17, 2007 from http://www. wsu. edu/~dee/ANCINDIA/GUPTA. HTM Heitzman, James (2007). Gupta Dynasty. Microsoft ® Encarta ® Online Encyclopedia 2007. Retrieved September 17, 2007 from http://encarta. msn. com.

Rates of Reactions :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Rates of Reactions Aim: I am going to investigate how the rate of the reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid depends on the concentration of sodium thiosulphate. The reaction rate of a chemical reaction is the speed of production of products from reactants. Sodium thiosulphate + hydrochloric acid ==> sodium chloride + sulphur dioxide + water + sulphur Na2S2O3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) ==> 2NaCl (aq) + SO2 (aq) + H2O (l) + S(s) The solid sulphur (S(s)) formed in this reaction makes the colourless solution go cloudy. Factors: The factors I believe that will affect what happens in the investigation are: * Catalyst- A catalyst s a substance which alters the rate of a chemical reaction but is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction. - A catalyst speeds up a reaction; an inhibitor (a substance) slows it down. * Concentration- The more concentrated the faster the rate (note in some cases the rate may be unaffected by the concentration of a particular reactant provided it is present at a minimum concentration). Remember for gasses, increasing the pressure simply increases the concentration so that's the same thing. * Surface area- greater surface area and since the reaction occurs at the surface we get a faster rate. * Temperature- Usually reactions speed up with increasing temperature ("100C rise doubles rate"). The collision theory: Particles need to collide with each other to react and the collision theory is all about this. The can be affected by the temperature of the particles, the concentration of the particles, whether a catalyst is used or the surface area (if the particles are solid). Temperature affects the rate of a reaction because if particles are cold, they move slowly and there are few collisions between them. But when they are heated up they move much faster or you can also say they have more kinetic energy. When the move faster there is more of a chance of a collision. More collisions means that the reaction goes faster - its rate increases. Concentration of the acid used also affects the rate because when there is a higher concentration (more acid) there are more particles to collide with each other-more collisions means that the reaction goes faster. A catalyst is a substance that can speed up a chemical reaction without actually being used up in the reaction. It gives the particles a surface to stick to so they can collide with each other there - more collisions. Again when there are more collisions this causes the reaction to go faster. Surface area also affects the rate of a reaction if the particles are

Lovely People Do Stupid Things Essay -- Essays Papers

Lovely People Do Stupid Things How is love to influence our lives? Love-struck people do crazy things to express how they care for that particular person yet it is a long and windy road to these actions. It is down this path that experience spawns and trouble and happiness are felt. Janie Crawford of Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God, shows the road through the steps of her three relationships. These relationships, though not fulfilling ones, conclude in bettering Janie’s search and understanding of life. Johnny Taylor, Janie’s first kiss and gatekeeper to her future, When Janie was sixteen, she embarked on a sexual awakening. Johnny Taylor was a poor young man who lived in the Florida area. Janie allowed him to kiss her over the fence. Unfortunately, Nanny saw everything. With Nanny’s horrendous background of sinful deeds done to her, she wanted the best for Janie. As she saw the kiss, the doors of life opened for Janie and Nanny wasn’t going to have her make the same mistakes that she had. Yet, Nanny had been impregnated under the circumstances of being a slave and this was not the case for Janie. Nanny stated that â€Å"black women were the mules of the world†, but she didn't want Janie to be a mule. She wanted to see Janie in a secure situation before she died, and Logan Killicks could provide that. Janie did not want to marry Logan, but she did so because Nanny told her â€Å"that she would eventually come to love him.† Ironically, Logan wanted to force...

Teen Sex

Teen Sex Many teenagers are engaging in having sex. A lot of them are doing it just to fit in and some are doing it because of peer pressure. Yes I believe abstinence programs discourage teen sex but a lot of teenagers need an abstinence education as well as a comprehensive sex education. Although some say that Abstinence and comprehensive sex education programs in schools are a bad idea, I think otherwise because some students need help learning about birth control and if they're ready for sex.The government needs to fund teen sex programs that guide teenagers through which sexual direction they want to go in and things they want to learn about such as Comprehensive education, Abstinence education and Pregnancy. Comprehensive sex education has been proven more effective. Comprehensive sex is well needed in schools. It does not encourage teens to start having sexual intercourse. This program is what young people need; an honest effective sex education.Comprehensive sex education prog rams help youth delay from sexual activity, it reduces the frequency of sexual activity, and it reduces the number of sexual partners and increases condom and contraceptive use. Without a Comprehensive sex education program in schools, teen sex increases, more teens will experience negative sexual health outcomes and pregnancy. â€Å"Medically accurate, age appropriate, comprehensive sex education in schools, education that include information about both, abstinence and contraception, both from a values and public-health perspective. † (Rep. Lee and Sen.Frank Lautenberg, 2005, P. 776) Abstinence programs can help teens delay sex. Sex education classes that focus on encouraging children to remain abstinent can persuade a significant proportion to delay sexual activity. I think that abstinence education convinces teens to postpone sex; which is a good thing because they are too young. Without an abstinence program, more students would be engaging in sex. â€Å"Federal governme nt only funds abstinence education, even though at least 75 percent of parents say they want teens to be taught about both abstinence and contraception. (As cited in CQ researcher, 2005, pg. 771) Pregnancy is often the result of teen sex. With abstinence and comprehensive sex education programs, pregnancy rates will decrease. Teen mothers are less likely to finish high school and more likely to end up on welfare, and their children are at greater risk for abuse and neglect. The majority of teen mothers raise their children alone without the help of the child’s father, which makes it much harder. â€Å"Twenty percent of teen mothers have a second child before the age of 20. † (Sarah Brown, 2005, pg. 763) It’s very hard for teen mothers to go to schoolGovernments need to fund teen sex programs that guide teen through sexual activity. Teenagers are having sex to fit in and some are being forced to have sex because of peer pressure. Schools are not responsible for t eens engaging in having sex but it helps a lot for teenagers to go to school and learn about it through Abstinence, Pregnancy and Comprehensive programs. With the students being taught about things it can decrease the pregnancy rate and reduce teen sexual activity. Both teens and the government will benefit from them; teens postpone sex and the government wouldn’t have to fund as many teen moms on welfare.

The Fall Of The Western Roman Empire

The Fall Of The Western Roman Empire In the third century A.D., the Roman Empire began to decline. Many Germanic tribes begn to invade Rome. The Roman army lacked training so they were not prepared for the invasions. The Roman government became too strict and thus the people stopped supporting the government. One of the main reasons the empire fell, was because of the division of eastern and western Rome. Afterwards, people became selfish and lazy.The fall of the Roman empire began when the empire was divided. Due to this, the government became too strict and there were many corrupt officials. When people realized this, they stopped supporting the government and became bvery selfish. The Roman government had very large expenses because of the maintenence of the army and vast bureaucracy. The people didn't like these new taxes and how high they were so farmers left their land and moved elsewhere. That's when the middle class in Rome started to disappear.The Roman empire in the time of Hadrian (ruled 117...After this, the unemployment rate went sky high and the expense of providing gree grain to the poor drained Roman resources.Economic issues and slavery were two major reasons the empire fell. Slavery was a big reason because it led to growth of latifundia - the great estates that came to dominate agriculture and ruin the free coloni [farmers] who drifted to the cities to add to the unemployment there. The Romans also used too much slave labor, but, no one had noticed it until the division of the empire. The biggest economic issure was the heavy taxes necessary to support the government. As a resuly to this, farmers fled their land and workers fled their occupations. The Roman population plunged because of this.One cause that was not major, but, still was a cause of the fall, were the military causes. The Roman army...

Research Questions Example

Research Questions Example Research Questions – Book Report/Review Example College: Despite the content of the Bowling of the Columbine film, united s experiences an overwhelming rate of gun related crimesand killings. The United states have made some steps in initiating laws to control gun purchase and ownership. Moore (2002) argues that Americans are violent and gun control laws should be enacted because easy access to guns necessitates killings . The second amendment was partly influenced by the Bowling for Columbine film. Criticism and rising concern on gun violence fueled the need for personal responsibility on gun use and increased police patrols. The amendments achieved collective rights, sophisticated collective rights and standard model to different classes of people and defend their right to ownership of firearms. The documentary style used in the film brings out the message the movie is intended to deliver. The objective of the film is to bring out sanity and rationality of the Americans. Political activism in the movie is used to show the root c ause of America’s plight and long history in gun violence (Petrie & Joseph, 2012). The use of cartoons and real shooting indicates the ruthless killings in the state that are triggered by loose morals and racism. Personal bias is evident in the way Moore tries to bring out ideas from his personal perspective. For example, the critic on the governments laxity of control of gun violence and political exploitation. The language used in the film is easy to understand and is characterized by minimal profanity to make the movie interesting. Critics argue that although the movie has cheerful scenes but it is ironical in that it has been disapproved by many reviewers.ReferencesMoore M., (2002). Bowling of Columbine. Alliance Atlantis Communications Film. Petrie, D., and Joseph M., (2012). The Art of Watching Films. Toronto, N.Y: McGraw-Hill.

Prepositional Phrases Sentence Building Exercise

Prepositional Phrases Sentence Building Exercise In this exercise, you will continue to apply the basic strategies outlined in Introduction to Sentence Combining.  Combine the sentences in each set into a single clear sentence containing at least one prepositional phrase. Omit words that are needlessly repeated, but dont leave out any important details.   After you have completed the exercise, compare your new sentences with the original sentences on page two. Keep in mind that many combinations are possible, and in some cases, you may prefer your own sentences to the original versions. A mouse darted.It darted across the salad bar.This happened during the luncheon.We traveled this summer.We traveled by train.We traveled from Biloxi.We traveled to Dubuque.The convertible swerved, crashed, and caromed.It swerved off the road.It crashed through the guardrail.It caromed off a maple tree.Mick planted seeds.He planted them in his garden.He did this after the quarrel.The quarrel was with Mr. Jimmy.Grandpa dropped his teeth.His teeth were false.His teeth dropped into a glass.There was prune juice in the glass.Lucy played.She was behind the sofa.She was with her friend.Her friend was imaginary.They played for hours.There was a man.He wore a chicken costume.He dashed across the field.He did this before the ballgame.The ballgame was on Sunday afternoon.A man stood, looking down.He stood upon a railroad bridge.The bridge was in northern Alabama.He was looking down into the water.The water was twenty feet below.The water was swift.The gray-flannel fog closed off the Salinas Val ley.It was the fog of winter.The fog was high.The Salinas Valley was closed off from the sky.And the Salinas Valley was closed off from all the rest of the world. I climbed to my perch.I did this one night.The night was hot.The night was in the summer.The night was in 1949.It was my usual perch.My perch was in the press box.The press box was cramped.The press box was above the stands.The stands were wooden.These were the stands of the baseball park.The baseball park was in Lumberton, North Carolina. After you have completed the sentence building  exercise on  page one, compare your new sentences with the sample combinations below. Keep in mind that many combinations are possible, and in some  cases, you may prefer your own sentences to the original versions. Sample Combinations During the luncheon, a mouse darted across the salad bar.This summer we traveled by train from Biloxi to Dubuque.The convertible swerved off the road, crashed through the guardrail, and caromed off a maple tree.After his quarrel with Mr. Jimmy, Mick planted seeds in his garden.Grandpa dropped his false teeth into a glass of prune juice.Lucy played  behind  the couch for hours with her imaginary friend.Before the ballgame on Sunday afternoon, a man in a chicken costume dashed across the field.A man stood upon a railroad bridge in northern Alabama, looking down into the swift waters twenty feet below.​  (Ambrose Bierce, An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge)The high gray-flannel fog of winter closed off the Salinas Valley from the sky and from all the rest of the world. (John Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums)One hot night in the summer of 1949, I climbed to my usual perch in the cramped press box above the wooden stands of the baseball park in Lumberton, North Carolina.  (Tom W icker, Baseball)

The negative effects of milk products on the human body Essay

The negative effects of milk products on the human body - Essay Example On the other hand, mothers' milk has six to ten times as much of the essential fatty acids, especially linoleic acid which cow's milk does not have. While animals stop taking in milk from weaning however, man is known to continue with his fill, and is in fact the only specie that drinks the milk of other species. On television healthy, beautiful people claim milk is good for the body. Dieticians insist that one has got to have milk to have calcium. Milk producers likewise advocate the benefits of calcium, vitamin D, and other nutrients. Meanwhile, mothers insist on their children to drink their milk, and schools include milk in their feeding programs. For many years also, people are taught that dairy products make up an "essential food group." And yet amidst this din, there are those who claim that milk is poison, and mention possible links to cancer or other diseases. Yet, people have grown so comfortable consuming milk and eating milk products, and for this, many do not give a second thought to the possible negative effects of milk. Worse still, they do not want to give up milk. ... n intestinal colic, intestinal irritation, intestinal bleeding, anemia, allergic reactions in infants and children as well as infections such as salmonella. There is the fear of viral infection with bovine leukemia virus or an AIDS-like virus as well as concern for childhood diabetes. Also discussed in these literatures is contamination of milk by blood and pus as well as a variety of chemicals and insecticides. Among children the problems were allergy, ear and tonsillar infections, bedwetting, asthma, intestinal bleeding, colic and childhood diabetes. In adults the problems seemed centered more around heart disease and arthritis, allergy, sinusitis, and the more serious questions of leukemia, lymphoma and cancer. According to Kradjian, none of the authors said milk was a perfect food. As if to concur to findings that milk is not good for the human body, its composition is now being sought to be altered but that it is accepted that only one institution is incapable of doing this venture.3 The following discussions include why milk and dairy products are bad, the effects of ingesting milk and dairy products, and the alternatives. It also includes the stand of the government on these products and the stand of doctors. A conclusion at the end repeats the paper's thesis that milk is bad for the body due to these named deficiencies and negative effects on the human body. Why milk and dairy products are bad Not a perfect food. That milk is a perfect food is a dairy industry myth.4 Outside of milk containing a wide range of disease-causing substances that can have a cumulative negative effect on all who consume it, milk lacks other elements.5 In 1930 Dr. G.O. Burr in Minnesota working with rats found that linoleic acid deficiencies created a deficiency syndrome. This

In what ways does language shape our understanding of money and the Essay

In what ways does language shape our understanding of money and the economy - Essay Example When people speak about the future, they speak as if the future is more distinct from the past and feels distant. People get less motivated to save their money now in favor of the comfort of monetary value in future years (Holmes, 2009). Speaking a language that has no obligatory future markers such as Mandarin tend to stimulates people to accumulate more retirement assets. The national savings rates of a country are adversely affected by language. A country with smaller proportion of people speaking languages that does not have obligatory future markers tend to increases the rates of national savings. Evidence from research suggests that a person’s vernacular shapes the way he or she thinks about the various aspects of the real world, space and time. This has broad implications in the spheres of economics, politics and law (Reed 2009). Language structure affects our judgments and decisions concerning the future and this may have remarkable long-term consequences. From an economic point of view, people’s rates of savings are affected by various factors such as their income, age, education level, religious affiliation, their cultural values and their countries’ legal systems. Even though after all those factors were accounted for, language effect on the people’s savings rates turned out to be tremendous. Spoken language like English has obligatory future markers making people about 30 percent less likely to save money for the future use. People often counter certain economic policies as they disapprove on moral grounds of the assumptions on which they think the policies rest but not because they have been or would be economically hurt by such policies without even carefully calculating views about their economic worth (Reed 2009). There are over 7,000 languages spoken all over the world, which exhibit tremendous variance. Research has shown that language from verb tenses to gender to metaphors usually